Dr. Muhammad Iqbal (r.a) Visionary Poet of The East -

Allama Iqbal stands as a revered philosopher, poet, and intellectual whose influence profoundly shaped the ethos of the Indian subcontinent’s Muslim community. His contributions spanned literature, philosophy, and the socio-political realm, offering inspiration and guidance to generations. His poetic expressions and philosophical insights enriched the literary landscape and stirred contemplation about individualism, selfhood, and the revival of Muslim identity in the region. Iqbal’s thoughts resonated deeply, instigating a socio-political awakening among the masses and leaving an indelible mark on the collective consciousness of the Indian subcontinent.

؎ اے ہمالہ! اے فصیل کشور ہندوستاں

چومتا ہے تیری پیشانی کو جھک کر آسماں

تجھ میں کچھ پیدا نہیں دیرینہ روزی کے نشاں

تو جواں ہے گردش شام و سحر کے درمیاں

Allama Iqbal’s early life and education were foundational to his intellectual development and subsequent contributions. Born in Sialkot, British India (now in Pakistan), in 1877, Iqbal grew up in an environment steeped in Persian and Urdu poetry, owing to his father’s interest in these languages.

اگر گوئی کہ من وہم و گماں است

نمودش چوں نود ایں و آں است

His education began in traditional Islamic institutions, where he learned Arabic, Persian, and The Quran. Later, he pursued a Bachelor of Arts from Government College, Lahore, excelling in Arabic, English, and Philosophy. Iqbal’s inclination towards Persian and Arabic literature deepened during this time, shaping his poetic sensibilities and philosophical outlook.

خودی ہے زندہ تو ہے فقر میں شہنشاہی

ہے سنجرل و طغرل سے کم شکوہِ فقیر

خودی ہو زندہ تو دریائے بیکراں پایاب

خودی ہو زندہ تو کہسار پر نیاں و حریر

Seeking higher education, Iqbal traveled to Europe and enrolled at the University of Cambridge, where he acquired a degree in Philosophy. His most transformative academic phase unfolded during his time in Germany, primarily at the University of Munich and the University of Heidelberg, where he delved into Western philosophy, particularly the works of Nietzsche and Bergson.

پاني بھي مسخر ہے ، ہوا بھي ہے مسخر

کيا ہو جو نگاہ فلک پير بدل جائے

ديکھا ہے ملوکيت افرنگ نے جو خواب ممکن ہے

کہ اس خواب کي تعبير بدل جائے

طہران ہو گر عالم مشرق کا جينوا

شايد کرہ ارض کي تقدير بدل جائے

This exposure to Western philosophy significantly influenced Iqbal’s thinking. Nietzsche’s ideas about the ‘will to power’ and Bergson’s concepts of intuition and the elan vital left an indelible mark on his philosophical framework. Combining these Western philosophies with his deep understanding of Eastern thought, Iqbal synthesized a unique perspective that resonated in his poetry and philosophical works.

خودی کیا ہے راز دورنِ حیات

خودی کیا ہے بیدارئی کائنات

ازل اس کے پیچھے ابد سامنے

نہ حداس کے پیچھے نہ حد سامنے

زمانے کی دھارے میں بہتی ہوئی

ستم اس کی موجوں کے سہتی ہوئی

ازل سے ہے یہ کشمکش میں اسیر

ہوئی خاک ِ آدم میں صورت پزیر

خودی کا نشیمن ترے دل میں ہے

فلک جس طرح آنکھ کے تل میں ہے

His exposure to diverse intellectual traditions, blending Eastern and Western philosophies, enriched Iqbal’s worldview and played a pivotal role in shaping his ideas about the self, individuality, and the collective destiny of the Muslim community. This fusion of diverse influences became evident in his later works, demonstrating a remarkable synthesis of Eastern spiritualism and Western philosophical concepts.

Allama Iqbal’s literary opuses transcend mere words; they resonate as soulful melodies, echoing the essence of self-discovery and spiritual awakening. “Asrar-e-Khudi” (Secrets of the Self) stands as a celestial symphony, delving into the intricate depths of the human soul. Within its verses lie the secrets of selfhood, guiding readers on a profound journey toward self-realization. Through metaphors and allegories, Iqbal weaves a tapestry of wisdom, urging individuals to recognize their inner potential and embrace the divine spark within.

میکدے میں ایک دن ایک مرد زیرک نے کہا

ہے ہمارے شہر کا سلطان گدائے بے نوا

اس کے نعمت خانے کی ہر چیز ہے مانگی ہوئی

دینے والا کون ہے مرد ِ غریب و بے نوا

“Rumuz-i-Bekhudi” (The Secrets of Selflessness) emerges as a celestial beacon, illuminating the path to transcendence. Here, Iqbal implores us to transcend the ego, go beyond the confines of self-interest, and embrace the altruistic essence of humanity. It’s a call to shed the shackles of selfish desires and immerse oneself in the ocean of selflessness, fostering unity and empathy in a fractured world.

عشق بھی ہو حجاب میں، حسن بھی ہو حجاب میں

یا تو خود آشکار ہو یا مجھے آشکار کر

تو ہے محیطِ بیکراں، میں ہوں ذرا سی آب جو

یا مجھے ہم کنار کر یا مجھے بے کنا ر کر

متاع بے بہا ہے درد و سوز آرزو مندی

مقام ِ بندگی دے کر نہ لوں شانِ خداوندی

And then there’s “Bang-e-Dra” (The Call of the Marching Bell), resonating like a clarion call to awaken the dormant spirits of a slumbering nation. In this magnum opus, Iqbal’s verses reverberate with the enthusiasm of awakening, urging the Muslim world to rise from its somber state, to reclaim its lost glory. He ignites the flames of revival, envisioning a renaissance where the Muslim Ummah rejuvenates its intellectual, spiritual, and moral vigor.

کبھي اے نوجواں مسلم! تدبر بھي کيا تو نے

وہ کيا گردوں تھا تو جس کا ہے اک ٹوٹا ہوا تارا

تجھے اس قوم نے پالا ہے آغوش محبت ميں

کچل ڈالا تھا جس نے پائوں ميں تاج سر دارا

تمدن آفريں خلاق آئين جہاں داري

Through his verses, Iqbal becomes a matro orchestrating the melodies of self-discovery, spirituality, and the renaissance of civilization. His poetic expanse doesn’t merely narrate; it evokes emotions, stirs dormant souls, and urges individuals to embark on a quest for profound truths and collective rejuvenation. It’s a call not just heard but felt—an invocation to discover the latent potential within, embrace altruism, and rebuild the essence of a proud and dignified Muslim world.

غني! روز سياہ پير کنعاں را تماشا کن

” کہ نور ديدہ اش روشن کند چشم زليخا را”

Allama Iqbal’s philosophical and political vision transcended the mundane; it was a symphony of hope, awakening, and the resurgence of the human spirit. At the core of his philosophy lay the concept of ‘Khudi’—the self—an ethos that implored individuals to embark on a quest for self-discovery, not in isolation, but as a collective.

خودی کا سر نہاں لا الہ الا اللہ

خودی ہے تیغ فساں لا الہ الا اللہ

یہ دور اپنے براہیم کی تلاش میں ہے

صنم کدہ ہے جہاں لا الہ الا اللہ

کیا ہے تو نے متاع غرور کا سودا

فریب سود و زیاں لا الہ الا اللہ

یہ مال و دولت دنیا یہ رشتہ و پیوند

بتان وھم و گماں لا الہ الا اللہ

خرد ہوئی ہے زمان و مکاں کی زناری

نہ ہے زماں نہ مکاں لا الہ مالا اللہ

یہ نغمہ فصل گل و لالہ کا نہیں پابند

بہار ہو کہ خزاں لا الہ الا اللہ

اگرچہ بت ہیں جماعت کی آستینوں میں

مجھے ہے حکم اذاں لا الہ الا اللّٰہ

His philosophical musings echoed the fervor of individualism, not in the context of mere self-interest, but as a means to serve a greater purpose. Iqbal envisioned a society where individuals nurtured their unique potential, contributing to the collective progression of humanity. He urged the awakening of the ‘Khudi,’ not as a pursuit of ego but as a means to attain spiritual elevation and serve society selflessly.

Iqbal’s vision for the Muslim Ummah was a symphony of revival—a call to awaken from the slumber of ignorance and reclaim their past glory. His writings stirred a longing for intellectual resurgence, urging Muslims to rediscover their cultural heritage, rekindle their intellectual prowess, and foster unity amidst diversity.

The pinnacle of his vision culminated in the conception of a separate Muslim state. Iqbal’s foresight envisioned a sanctuary—a land where Muslims could cherish their religious, cultural, and social values without fear of persecution. His vision was the seed that germinated into the foundation of Pakistan—a haven where a nation could breathe freely, manifesting its destiny without the shackles of oppression.

اس راز کو اک مرد فرنگی نے کیا فاش

ہر چند کہ دانا اسے کھولا نہیں کرتے

جمہوریت اک طرز حکومت ہے کہ جس میں

بندوں کو گنا کرتے ہیں تولا نہیں کرتے

His call for a separate state wasn’t merely political; it was a testament to his belief in safeguarding the rights, dignity, and aspirations of a marginalized community. It was an emotional appeal, resonating with the collective yearning for self-determination, where a community could forge its destiny and flourish according to its ethos.

Iqbal’s philosophical and political reverberations weren’t just words on paper; they were a symphony of emotions, resonating with the aspirations of a nation yearning to shape its destiny and find its rightful place in the world. His vision continues to echo through the corridors of history, reminding us of the power of ideas and the resilience of the human spirit.

Allama Iqbal’s legacy transcends time; it’s a celestial symphony that echoes through the ages, continuing to stir hearts and souls across the globe. His poetry, infused with profound philosophical insights, isn’t confined to the pages of history; it pulsates with life, resonating with the aspirations of generations, particularly in the heart of Pakistan.

His verses remain a perennial wellspring of inspiration, where every word echoes the yearnings of a nation striving for self-realization and dignity. In Pakistan, his poetry isn’t mere literature; it’s the beating heart of a collective identity—a torchbearer of hope, resilience, and pride.

Iqbal’s influence seeps into the very essence of Pakistan’s ideology. His vision for a separate Muslim state laid the cornerstone of the nation, fostering the dreams of a homeland where people could live in freedom, unity, and harmony. His ideals became the guiding light for the founding fathers, infusing the spirit of independence with the vision of a prosperous, just, and enlightened society.

Even today, his verses resound in every nook and cranny of Pakistan, guiding the nation’s conscience, and igniting the flames of ambition and patriotism. His poetry serves as a moral compass, reminding the nation of its rich heritage, its values, and its potential to rise against adversity.

Beyond Pakistan’s borders, Iqbal’s words continue to transcend cultural and linguistic barriers, touching the hearts of countless individuals worldwide. His philosophical musings on self-discovery, spirituality, and collective upliftment resonate universally, inspiring individuals to seek their inner truths and contribute positively to society.

Allama Iqbal’s legacy isn’t just a remnant of the past; it’s a living, breathing testament to the power of ideas and the enduring impact of an individual’s vision. His influence endures, woven into the fabric of Pakistan’s identity, reminding every citizen of their potential, their responsibilities, and the timeless relevance of his ideals—a legacy that continues to shape minds, hearts, and the destiny of a nation.

A philosopher at heart, Iqbal’s thoughts were celestial whispers, urging humanity to seek enlightenment, explore the realms of selfhood, and transcend the confines of the mundane. His ideas on individualism, spirituality, and the renaissance of a community continue to reverberate, resonating with souls across generations and continents.

!ہرلحظہ ہے مومن کي نئي شان، نئي آن

!گفتار ميں، کردار ميں، اللہ کي برہان

قہاري و غفاري و قدوسي و جبروت

يہ چار عناصر ہوں تو بنتا ہے مسلمان

ہمسايہء جبريل اميں بندئہ خاکي

ہے اس کا نشيمن نہ بخارا نہ بدخشان

يہ راز کسي کو نہيں معلوم کہ مومن

قاري نظر آتا ہے ، حقيقت ميں ہے قرآن!

قدرت کے مقاصد کا عيار اس کے ارادے

دنيا ميں بھي ميزان، قيامت ميں بھي ميزان

جس سے جگر لالہ ميں ٹھنڈک ہو، وہ شبنم

درياؤں کے دل جس سے دہل جائيں، وہ طوفان

فطرت کا سرود ازلي اس کے شب و روز

آہنگ ميں يکتا صفت سورئہ رحمن

بنتے ہيں مري کارگہ فکر ميں انجم

لے اپنے مقدر کے ستارے کو تو پہچان

A visionary of unparalleled stature, Iqbal’s dreams laid the foundation for nations. His call for a separate Muslim state wasn’t just a political discourse; it was an emotional outcry for self-determination, dignity, and a sanctuary where a community could thrive.

In essence, Allama Iqbal remains an eternal beacon—a guiding light illuminating the path of self-realization, unity, and progress. His relevance persists in the beating hearts of those who seek wisdom, his words serving as a compass navigating the storms of life.

Conclusion Summary:

Allama Muhammad Iqbal — the visionary poet, philosopher, and thinker of Pakistan — remains an eternal source of inspiration for generations. Born in Sialkot on November 9, Iqbal’s early education nurtured his sharp intellect, which later flourished in Lahore, Cambridge, and Munich, where he earned his doctorate in philosophy. His poetry, written in both Urdu and Persian, awakened the sleeping spirit of the Muslim world and revived a sense of self-awareness, dignity, and unity. Through masterpieces like Bang-e-Dra, Asrar-e-Khudi, and Bal-e-Jibril, Iqbal’s revolutionary thoughts called for self-realization (Khudi), spiritual awakening, and the creation of a free and dynamic Muslim society. His dream of an independent homeland for Muslims laid the ideological foundation of Pakistan. Truly, Iqbal was not only a poet of beauty and wisdom but also the spiritual father of a nation — a symbol of vision, courage, and faith in divine destiny.

References

“(Bang-e-Dra-042) Hindustani Bachon Ka Qaumi Geet”. Allama Iqbal Poetry. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
“Iqbal’s works”. Iqbal Academy Pakistan. Archived from the original on 17 August 2014. Retrieved 24 March 2006.
Syed Abdul Vahid (1955) Introduction to Iqbal. Pakistan Publications. Karachi